VOO
Vanguard 500 Index Fund ETF
TREND FOLLOWING PERFORMANCE HISTORY
2026-07-28
Executive Summary
The quantitative backtest for VOO (Vanguard 500 Index Fund ETF) using the Excess Return MMA CA* strategy in a Investing context demonstrated its primary role in risk mitigation, experiencing a maximum drawdown of -17.8% (compared to the benchmark's drawdown of -34.0%). Over the evaluated period, this protective approach generated a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 13.5%, compared to a Buy-and-Hold benchmark return of 14.7%. The strategy executed 26 total trades.
* Excess Return MMA CA: Multi-Moving Average (Triple-Band) model utilizing sophisticated long/short cross durations optimized against volatility, with a month-end dynamic Cash Alternative sleeve rotation.
* Excess Return MMA CA: Multi-Moving Average (Triple-Band) model utilizing sophisticated long/short cross durations optimized against volatility, with a month-end dynamic Cash Alternative sleeve rotation.
📊 Mathematical Model
Excess Return MMA
Advanced Ensemble: Uses multiple signal layers for maximum trend stability and noise reduction.
Excess Return MMA CA Active
Advanced Dynamic Sleeve: MMA ensemble signals on the primary asset combined with a momentum-based cash alternative ETF rotation.
Excess Return SMA
Standard Signal: Classical quantitative trend following optimized for reliable directionality.
Moving Average (50/200)
Moving Average: The baseline 50/200-day crossover model used by technical analysts worldwide.
VOO Quality Metrics & KPI Summary
| Metric | 1Y | 5Y | 10Y | Full History | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strategy | B&H | Strategy | B&H | Strategy | B&H | Strategy | B&H | |
| CAGR | 12.23% | 17.70% | 8.94% | 12.63% | 13.81% | 14.98% | 13.51% | 14.72% |
| Sharpe Ratio | 0.97 | 1.30 | 0.73 | 0.71 | 1.02 | 0.78 | 1.03 | 0.82 |
| Max Drawdown | -8.90% | -8.90% | -17.76% | -24.52% | -17.76% | -33.99% | -17.76% | -33.99% |
| % Time Invested | 100.0% | 100.0% | 92.5% | 100.0% | 95.3% | 100.0% | 96.6% | 100.0% |
| Trades / Year | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 0.0 |
Cumulative Growth Performance
Return Distribution Analysis
Trade History
This log shows every signal-driven transition. Completed trades reflect standard market cycles. An Open or Mark-to-Market exit denotes an active position (either in the primary asset or a cash/yield sleeve) valued at the current price for reporting purposes. Interest entries record yield accrued from cash or cash alternatives (like BIL) during out-of-market defensive periods.
| Entry Date | Exit Date | Type | Allocation | Entry Price | Exit Price | Net Return % | Exit Reason | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🔒 Active Positions & Recent Execution Signals Hidden Trading on delayed data carries high execution risk. Current allocations, pending next-day rebalances, and active execution signals (last 60 days) require a Premium subscription. Upgrade to Pro to Unlock | ||||||||
| 2026-05-04 | 2026-05-14 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.14% | Interest Income | |
| 2026-04-07 | 2026-05-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.25% | Interest Income | |
| 2025-05-01 | 2026-04-07 | Completed | 33.33% | $507.55 | $601.83 | 18.52% | Signal | |
| 2025-07-17 | 2025-09-10 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.68% | Interest Income | |
| 2025-04-30 | 2025-07-17 | Completed | 33.33% | $495.85 | $567.32 | 14.36% | Signal | |
| 2025-03-28 | 2025-05-01 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.18% | Interest Income | |
| 2025-04-07 | 2025-04-30 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.02 | 1.64% | Interest Income | |
| 2025-04-07 | 2025-04-30 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.02 | 1.64% | Interest Income | |
| 2023-11-08 | 2025-04-07 | Completed | 33.33% | $387.98 | $442.93 | 14.10% | Stop | |
| 2023-04-19 | 2025-04-07 | Completed | 33.33% | $362.72 | $442.93 | 22.05% | Stop | |
| 2024-01-04 | 2025-03-28 | Completed | 33.33% | $417.05 | $512.11 | 22.73% | Signal | |
| 2023-11-03 | 2024-01-04 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 1.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2023-06-02 | 2023-11-08 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.03 | 2.75% | Interest Income | |
| 2023-01-27 | 2023-11-03 | Completed | 33.33% | $353.75 | $384.05 | 8.51% | Signal | |
| 2023-04-04 | 2023-06-01 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.71% | Interest Income | |
| 2023-04-04 | 2023-04-19 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.17% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-03 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.02 | 1.87% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-03 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.02 | 1.87% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-12-02 | 2023-01-27 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 1.20% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-11-18 | 2022-12-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.12% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-10-04 | 2022-12-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.52% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-10-04 | 2022-12-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.52% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-10-25 | 2022-11-18 | Completed | 33.33% | $330.39 | $346.91 | 4.95% | Signal | |
| 2022-10-04 | 2022-10-25 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.14% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-10-03 | 2022-10-03 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | -0.05% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-09-02 | 2022-10-03 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | -0.05% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-09-02 | 2022-10-03 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | -0.05% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-06-02 | 2022-10-03 | Completed | 33.33% | $354.29 | $314.95 | -11.15% | Stop | |
| 2022-05-10 | 2022-09-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.35% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-03-02 | 2022-09-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.37% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-05-10 | 2022-06-02 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-03-21 | 2022-05-10 | Completed | 33.33% | $384.46 | $350.04 | -9.00% | Stop | |
| 2020-04-01 | 2022-05-10 | Completed | 33.33% | $208.04 | $350.04 | 68.18% | Stop | |
| 2022-03-02 | 2022-03-21 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.00% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-02-25 | 2022-03-01 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.08% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-02-25 | 2022-03-01 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.08% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-08-11 | 2022-02-25 | Completed | 33.33% | $283.99 | $370.49 | 30.40% | Stop | |
| 2020-06-25 | 2022-02-25 | Completed | 33.33% | $255.81 | $370.49 | 44.76% | Stop | |
| 2020-06-29 | 2020-08-11 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.36% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-03-24 | 2020-06-29 | Completed | 33.33% | $197.51 | $254.05 | 28.56% | Signal | |
| 2020-06-02 | 2020-06-25 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.62% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-04-08 | 2020-06-01 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | -0.04% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-03-24 | 2020-04-08 | Completed | 33.33% | $197.51 | $224.76 | 13.74% | Signal | |
| 2020-03-10 | 2020-04-01 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.07% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-24 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.36% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-03-03 | 2020-03-24 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.36% | Interest Income | |
| 2019-01-16 | 2020-03-10 | Completed | 33.33% | $213.39 | $237.76 | 11.36% | Stop | |
| 2020-03-02 | 2020-03-02 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.05% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-03-02 | 2020-03-02 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.05% | Interest Income | |
| 2019-04-08 | 2020-03-02 | Completed | 33.33% | $236.84 | $248.93 | 5.05% | Stop | |
| 2019-03-28 | 2020-03-02 | Completed | 33.33% | $230.46 | $248.93 | 7.96% | Stop | |
| 2019-03-04 | 2019-04-08 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.42% | Interest Income | |
| 2019-03-04 | 2019-03-28 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.26% | Interest Income | |
| 2019-02-14 | 2019-03-01 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.12% | Interest Income | |
| 2018-12-06 | 2019-03-01 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.61% | Interest Income | |
| 2019-01-11 | 2019-02-14 | Completed | 33.33% | $210.84 | $224.01 | 6.20% | Signal | |
| 2018-12-21 | 2019-01-16 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.18% | Interest Income | |
| 2018-12-18 | 2019-01-11 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.17% | Interest Income | |
| 2012-08-31 | 2018-12-21 | Completed | 33.33% | $101.42 | $201.84 | 98.92% | Stop | |
| 2016-06-27 | 2018-12-18 | Completed | 33.33% | $156.87 | $209.19 | 33.28% | Stop | |
| 2018-07-10 | 2018-12-06 | Completed | 33.33% | $225.42 | $216.40 | -4.05% | Signal | |
| 2018-05-21 | 2018-07-10 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.16% | Interest Income | |
| 2016-04-28 | 2018-05-21 | Completed | 33.33% | $161.29 | $220.00 | 36.33% | Signal | |
| 2016-04-04 | 2016-06-27 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.54% | Interest Income | |
| 2016-04-04 | 2016-04-28 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.24% | Interest Income | |
| 2016-03-02 | 2016-04-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.00% | Interest Income | |
| 2016-03-02 | 2016-04-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.00% | Interest Income | |
| 2016-02-25 | 2016-03-01 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | -0.03% | Interest Income | |
| 2016-02-02 | 2016-03-01 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.01% | Interest Income | |
| 2015-12-15 | 2016-02-25 | Completed | 33.33% | $156.58 | $149.08 | -4.84% | Signal | |
| 2015-11-03 | 2016-02-01 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.11% | Interest Income | |
| 2015-11-03 | 2015-12-15 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.09% | Interest Income | |
| 2015-09-17 | 2015-11-03 | Completed | 33.33% | $152.15 | $160.58 | 5.49% | Signal | |
| 2015-09-02 | 2015-11-02 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | -0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2015-09-02 | 2015-09-17 | Interest (SHV) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | -0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2015-08-25 | 2015-09-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2015-08-25 | 2015-09-01 | Interest (BIL) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2012-08-31 | 2015-08-25 | Completed | 33.33% | $101.42 | $148.63 | 46.48% | Stop | |
| 2012-08-31 | 2015-08-25 | Completed | 33.33% | $101.42 | $148.63 | 46.48% | Stop | |
| 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-31 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.10% | Interest Income | |
| 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-31 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.10% | Interest Income | |
| 2012-08-29 | 2012-08-31 | Interest (FLOT) | 33.33% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.10% | Interest Income | |