LIN
Linde Plc.
TREND FOLLOWING PERFORMANCE HISTORY
2026-07-26
Executive Summary
The quantitative backtest for LIN (Linde Plc.) using the Moving Average (50/200)* strategy in a Investing context demonstrated its primary role in risk mitigation, experiencing a maximum drawdown of -60.0% (compared to the benchmark's drawdown of -51.8%). Over the evaluated period, this protective approach generated a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 6.2%, compared to a Buy-and-Hold benchmark return of 14.6%. The strategy executed 41 total trades.
* Moving Average (50/200): Classic Moving Average Crossover (e.g., 50-day crossing 200-day). The foundational basis of research-grade trend following.
* Moving Average (50/200): Classic Moving Average Crossover (e.g., 50-day crossing 200-day). The foundational basis of research-grade trend following.
📊 Mathematical Model
Excess Return MMA
Advanced Ensemble: Uses multiple signal layers for maximum trend stability and noise reduction.
Excess Return MMA CA
Advanced Dynamic Sleeve: MMA ensemble signals on the primary asset combined with a momentum-based cash alternative ETF rotation.
Excess Return SMA
Standard Signal: Classical quantitative trend following optimized for reliable directionality.
Moving Average (50/200) Active
Moving Average: The baseline 50/200-day crossover model used by technical analysts worldwide.
🎯 Investment Objective
🛡️ Long-Term Investing Active
Ideal for wealth preservation and multi-year horizons. Optimized for low turnover and tax efficiency.
⚔️ Tactical Trading
Ideal for active capital rotation and momentum-first accounts. Optimized for high sensitivity to price shifts.
Switch to MMA to enable
LIN Quality Metrics & KPI Summary
| Metric | 1Y | 5Y | 10Y | Full History | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strategy | B&H | Strategy | B&H | Strategy | B&H | Strategy | B&H | |
| CAGR | -4.95% | 10.12% | 3.19% | 12.95% | 8.01% | 17.81% | 6.22% | 14.63% |
| Sharpe Ratio | -0.34 | 0.54 | 0.19 | 0.59 | 0.43 | 0.72 | 0.31 | 0.50 |
| Max Drawdown | -14.77% | -19.18% | -25.58% | -22.82% | -25.58% | -32.59% | -59.97% | -51.76% |
| % Time Invested | 71.4% | 100.0% | 74.4% | 100.0% | 82.2% | 100.0% | 72.9% | 100.0% |
| Trades / Year | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 |
Cumulative Growth Performance
Return Distribution Analysis
Trade History
This log shows every signal-driven transition. Completed trades reflect standard market cycles. An Open or Mark-to-Market exit denotes an active position (either in the primary asset or a cash/yield sleeve) valued at the current price for reporting purposes. Interest entries record yield accrued from cash or cash alternatives (like BIL) during out-of-market defensive periods.
| Entry Date | Exit Date | Type | Allocation | Entry Price | Exit Price | Net Return % | Exit Reason | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🔒 Active Positions & Recent Execution Signals Hidden Trading on delayed data carries high execution risk. Current allocations, pending next-day rebalances, and active execution signals (last 60 days) require a Premium subscription. Upgrade to Pro to Unlock | ||||||||
| 2025-11-04 | 2026-02-19 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 1.05% | Interest Income | |
| 2025-06-10 | 2025-11-04 | Completed | 100% | $466.12 | $411.95 | -11.66% | Stop | |
| 2025-05-16 | 2025-06-10 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.27% | Interest Income | |
| 2025-03-21 | 2025-05-16 | Completed | 100% | $446.29 | $448.28 | 0.39% | Signal | |
| 2025-01-03 | 2025-03-21 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.88% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-12-02 | 2025-01-03 | Completed | 100% | $319.39 | $407.96 | 27.67% | Signal | |
| 2022-06-21 | 2022-12-02 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 1.44% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-05-25 | 2022-06-21 | Completed | 100% | $301.09 | $278.14 | -7.67% | Stop | |
| 2022-03-15 | 2022-05-25 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.15% | Interest Income | |
| 2022-03-09 | 2022-03-15 | Completed | 100% | $267.48 | $274.08 | 2.42% | Signal | |
| 2022-02-14 | 2022-03-09 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-11-20 | 2022-02-14 | Completed | 100% | $234.08 | $276.80 | 18.19% | Stop | |
| 2020-10-29 | 2020-11-20 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.01% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-07-07 | 2020-10-29 | Completed | 100% | $204.99 | $199.25 | -2.85% | Stop | |
| 2020-06-12 | 2020-07-07 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.01% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-06-04 | 2020-06-12 | Completed | 100% | $196.31 | $188.29 | -4.14% | Stop | |
| 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-04 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2020-03-24 | 2020-03-27 | Completed | 100% | $145.91 | $153.27 | 4.99% | Signal | |
| 2020-03-02 | 2020-03-24 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2019-02-13 | 2020-03-02 | Completed | 100% | $149.48 | $174.41 | 16.61% | Stop | |
| 2019-01-22 | 2019-02-13 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.15% | Interest Income | |
| 2018-04-27 | 2019-01-22 | Completed | 100% | $137.42 | $144.58 | 5.16% | Signal | |
| 2018-04-05 | 2018-04-27 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.11% | Interest Income | |
| 2016-04-12 | 2018-04-05 | Completed | 100% | $94.84 | $128.61 | 35.54% | Stop | |
| 2014-10-16 | 2016-04-12 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.13% | Interest Income | |
| 2013-01-07 | 2014-10-16 | Completed | 100% | $87.99 | $97.17 | 10.38% | Signal | |
| 2012-07-31 | 2013-01-07 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.04% | Interest Income | |
| 2011-12-14 | 2012-07-31 | Completed | 100% | $77.89 | $81.49 | 4.57% | Signal | |
| 2011-09-23 | 2011-12-14 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.00% | Interest Income | |
| 2011-08-30 | 2011-09-23 | Completed | 100% | $73.32 | $70.65 | -3.69% | Signal | |
| 2011-08-08 | 2011-08-30 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.00% | Interest Income | |
| 2010-08-05 | 2011-08-08 | Completed | 100% | $65.33 | $71.39 | 9.21% | Stop | |
| 2010-06-30 | 2010-08-05 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.02% | Interest Income | |
| 2010-06-15 | 2010-06-30 | Completed | 100% | $57.89 | $57.44 | -0.82% | Signal | |
| 2010-05-21 | 2010-06-15 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.01% | Interest Income | |
| 2009-05-15 | 2010-05-21 | Completed | 100% | $51.08 | $54.37 | 6.38% | Stop | |
| 2009-01-13 | 2009-05-15 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.07% | Interest Income | |
| 2009-01-07 | 2009-01-13 | Completed | 100% | $46.62 | $43.35 | -7.08% | Stop | |
| 2008-10-01 | 2009-01-07 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.08% | Interest Income | |
| 2008-09-29 | 2008-10-01 | Completed | 100% | $51.68 | $50.69 | -1.96% | Signal | |
| 2008-09-05 | 2008-09-29 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.07% | Interest Income | |
| 2008-02-12 | 2008-09-05 | Completed | 100% | $57.07 | $60.38 | 5.75% | Stop | |
| 2008-01-18 | 2008-02-12 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.14% | Interest Income | |
| 2007-09-11 | 2008-01-18 | Completed | 100% | $51.59 | $54.51 | 5.60% | Stop | |
| 2007-08-17 | 2007-09-11 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.25% | Interest Income | |
| 2003-04-16 | 2007-08-17 | Completed | 100% | $18.82 | $50.52 | 168.28% | Stop | |
| 2003-03-25 | 2003-04-16 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.07% | Interest Income | |
| 2003-03-20 | 2003-03-25 | Completed | 100% | $18.62 | $18.87 | 1.28% | Signal | |
| 2003-02-26 | 2003-03-20 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.07% | Interest Income | |
| 2002-12-19 | 2003-02-26 | Completed | 100% | $18.35 | $16.60 | -9.62% | Stop | |
| 2002-07-11 | 2002-12-19 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.68% | Interest Income | |
| 2001-11-30 | 2002-07-11 | Completed | 100% | $16.67 | $16.33 | -2.11% | Stop | |
| 2001-09-20 | 2001-11-30 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.41% | Interest Income | |
| 2001-07-20 | 2001-09-20 | Completed | 100% | $14.68 | $12.94 | -11.90% | Stop | |
| 2001-06-27 | 2001-07-20 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.23% | Interest Income | |
| 2001-01-29 | 2001-06-27 | Completed | 100% | $12.83 | $14.64 | 14.02% | Stop | |
| 2000-06-02 | 2001-01-29 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.04 | 3.93% | Interest Income | |
| 2000-05-01 | 2000-06-02 | Completed | 100% | $13.75 | $12.97 | -5.73% | Stop | |
| 2000-01-24 | 2000-05-01 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.02 | 1.53% | Interest Income | |
| 2000-01-14 | 2000-01-24 | Completed | 100% | $16.62 | $14.50 | -12.79% | Signal | |
| 1999-12-10 | 2000-01-14 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 0.50% | Interest Income | |
| 1999-10-18 | 1999-12-10 | Completed | 100% | $13.39 | $14.09 | 5.19% | Signal | |
| 1999-09-24 | 1999-10-18 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.30% | Interest Income | |
| 1999-06-21 | 1999-09-24 | Completed | 100% | $15.46 | $13.10 | -15.29% | Stop | |
| 1999-05-27 | 1999-06-21 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.29% | Interest Income | |
| 1999-04-30 | 1999-05-27 | Completed | 100% | $15.82 | $15.26 | -3.58% | Stop | |
| 1998-08-14 | 1999-04-30 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.03 | 3.17% | Interest Income | |
| 1998-07-17 | 1998-08-14 | Completed | 100% | $14.06 | $13.15 | -6.55% | Stop | |
| 1998-06-24 | 1998-07-17 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.32% | Interest Income | |
| 1998-04-21 | 1998-06-24 | Completed | 100% | $15.93 | $13.79 | -13.43% | Stop | |
| 1997-10-28 | 1998-04-21 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.02 | 2.43% | Interest Income | |
| 1997-10-24 | 1997-10-28 | Completed | 100% | $14.60 | $12.33 | -15.59% | Signal | |
| 1997-10-02 | 1997-10-24 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.32% | Interest Income | |
| 1997-04-23 | 1997-10-02 | Completed | 100% | $14.69 | $14.37 | -2.20% | Stop | |
| 1997-04-01 | 1997-04-23 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.33% | Interest Income | |
| 1995-10-27 | 1997-04-01 | Completed | 100% | $7.76 | $13.37 | 72.21% | Stop | |
| 1995-10-05 | 1995-10-27 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.34% | Interest Income | |
| 1995-03-31 | 1995-10-05 | Completed | 100% | $6.79 | $7.31 | 7.68% | Stop | |
| 1995-01-13 | 1995-03-31 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.01 | 1.24% | Interest Income | |
| 1994-12-07 | 1995-01-13 | Completed | 100% | $5.88 | $6.03 | 2.45% | Signal | |
| 1994-11-14 | 1994-12-07 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.35% | Interest Income | |
| 1994-08-29 | 1994-11-14 | Completed | 100% | $6.58 | $6.05 | -8.10% | Stop | |
| 1994-08-25 | 1994-08-29 | Interest (CASH) | 100% | $1.00 | $1.00 | 0.02% | Interest Income | |